Executive-function difficulties occur across multiple neurodevelopmental conditions and are heterogeneous within diagnoses, so executive-function measures should not be treated as condition-specific diagnostic signatures.
Evidence limitations
Claim uncertainty
- Which executive-function patterns, if any, meaningfully distinguish neurodevelopmental conditions after co-occurrence and within-diagnosis heterogeneity are handled properly?
- What do performance tasks and informant questionnaires each measure, and when do differences between them matter?